争鸣改变中国

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    自1991年索马里国内局势动荡以来，索马里海域的海盗活动越来越猖狂，目前已严重威胁国际航运的安全。2008年6月2日，安理会通过第1816（2008）号决议，授权外国军队进入索马里领海打击海盗及海上武装抢劫行为。目前共有20多个国家和组织的40多艘军舰进入该海域执行护航任务，但海盗活动并没有明显减少。美国认为，安理会有必要进一步讨论如何更有效地解决索马里海域的海盗问题，维护全球海上安全。

    美国一直致力于维护全球海上安全，认可《联合国海洋法公约》所确立的适用于打击海盗和海上武装抢劫行为的法律框架。美国认为，国际社会必须共同合作，采取多种联合措施解决索马里海域的海盗问题。

    美国认为，各国海军在打击海盗的过程中有必要实现情报共享。安理会有必要讨论建立全球反海盗联合指挥司令部的可能性，实现各国军舰有组织的分区巡逻和联合行动。安理会同时有必要讨论是否应重新向索马里派遣维和部队，开展第三期联合国索马里行动（联索行动），特别是讨论联合国在索马里海域进行海上维和行动的可能性。

    美国认为，对待索马里海盗，不能只使用军事手段，还需要配合其他有效措施。美国认为，国际社会有必要找到并冻结索马里海盗在各国银行的存款。美国建议通过一项各国拒绝为海盗提供资金流动服务的共同声明。美国认为，有必要完善国际海盗逮捕、起诉、审理、裁决的司法程序。美国建议安理会向大会提议成立全球和地区性的审理海盗的专门法院。

    美国决定与国际社会一起，共同打击索马里海盗。美国更认为，有必要将索马里海域与其它海域的海盗问题联合起来考虑和处理。美国建议安理会根据国际社会在该问题所达成的共同成果，起草《国际反海盗公约》并向大会提交通过。

Since the situation turbulence in Somalia in 1991, the pirate activities of Somalia waters have been more and more unrestrained, and have already seriously threatened the safety of international shipping. On 2 June 2008, the Security Council passed the resolution 1816(2008), authorizing foreign military force entering the territorial waters of Somalia and combating piracy and armed robbery at sea. There are more than 40 warships from over 20 countries and organizations entering Somalia waters for escort missions at present, however the pirate activities have not obviously reduced.

The United States suggests that it is necessary for the Security Council to further discuss how to resolve the pirate problem on Somalia waters more effetely, and to maintain global sea safety.

The United States consistently contributes to the maintenance of global sea safety, and approves the legal framework applicable to combat piracy and armed robbery at sea established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The United States believes that the international community should take comprehensive joint measures to deal with the pirate problem on Somalia waters.

The United States believes that it is necessary for navies of all countries to share information in the process of fighting pirates. It is necessary for the Security Council to discuss the possibility of establishing a global anti-pirate joint commander's headquarter to achieve the organized area-separated patrol and joint actions of warships of all countries, to discuss whether it is necessary to send peacekeeping force to Somalia again, and to launch the third United Nations Operation In Somalia (UNOSOM), especially discussing the possibility of carrying out a sea peacekeeping operation in Somalia waters.

The United States believes that combating piracy in Somalia requires not only military means but also other valid measures. The United States believes that it is necessary for the international community to find out and freeze Somalia pirates’ savings in banks in all countries. The United States suggests passing a joint statement that all countries refuse to provide banking services for the pirates. The United States believes that it is necessary to promote and perfect the judicial procedure to arrest, accuse, adjudge and arbitrate pirates. The United States suggests the Security Council propose to the General Assembly of establishing global and regional special courts dealing with pirates.

The United States decides to work together with the whole international community to fight against the Somalia pirates. The United States also believes that it is necessary to put together the pirate problem on Somalia waters and on other waters for a comprehensive consideration. The United States suggests the Security Council to draft an International Anti-piracy convention according to agreements that the international community has achieved on this issue and propose it to the General Assembly.